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The Path to the Official History of "Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding"

In the article "Irony and Zhaoxue: A Textual Study of Li Deyu's Postscript on the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy Painting", the author once discussed the reasons why Li Deyu refitted the "Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy Painting" and attached it with trivial postscript:

This postscript is not so much a recollection of the event that Taizong met Gar Tongtsen Yulsung about 200 years ago, but a chewing on the political humiliation he suffered two years ago; At the same time, the postscript can also explain Li Deyu's experience when he was serving as the Jiedushi in Xichuan, Jiannan, the frontier policy he advocated, and the metaphorical relationship between the two and the content of the postscript. To be specific, the content of his postscript may not only cause Li Deyu's pain in life experience, but also endow his border policy with historical legitimacy. [16] The postscript reconstructs the events shown in the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy, as if to suggest that his handling of the surrender of Weizhou was to follow the principles of Emperor Taizong and Qiu Mo; However, Emperor Wenzong and Niu Li betrayed Xiang Hua, causing him to be brutally killed, which violated the established rule of Emperor Taizong over imperial vassals. In other words, Li Deyu's postscript to the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy should be a metaphor for the old Zhenguan incident in the Taizong Dynasty and the introduction of Tubo policy, which implied that Weizhou City had planned to surrender and defended itself.

Li Deyu has served as the Jiedushi of Xichuan in Jiannan for more than two years. He has written 13 volumes of "Records of the Southwest Bianbian" and presented it to Wu Zongrui. It has been recorded in the New Book of Tang · Yiwenzhi, Wenxian Tongkao, Chongwen General Catalogue, and Tongzhi · Yiwen Lue, and has been lost since the Yuan Dynasty. This book mainly records the information of tribes, mountains, cities, roads, transportation, and captivity in Sichuan, Sichuan, and Tibet. For the purpose of writing this book, Li Deyu not only gathered talents who are familiar with border affairs, but also visited mountains, cities, and roads in person. It can be seen that he must be very familiar with the geography, scenery, and culture of Tibet.[17] Therefore, the author believes that his postscript may be taken from the legend of "Emperor Taizong of Tang's Nine Trial Marriage Envoy" spread in the Tubo region at that time, which is consistent with Saren Toya's textual research on the birth time of this legend. Sarentoya believed that the legend of "Emperor Taizong of Tang's Ninth Trial Marriage Envoy" came into being much earlier than "The History of the Pillars". It appeared in the form of drama performance about the end of the seventh century and the beginning of the eighth century. The legend first came into being in the middle or end of the seventh century, based on the real historical event of Songtsen Gampo marrying Princess Wencheng. The compilers of the two books of the Tang Dynasty, Tang Huiyao, Zizhi Tongjian, and Zizhi Tongjian Kaoyi took the Wuzong Real Record or the Southwest Beibian Record as one of the historical sources of the Biography of Tubo, thus "Nine Trials of Emperor Taizong of Tang made the legend" enter the official history.[18]

There is another possibility. As the "chief prime minister", Li Deyu also holds the post of "supervising the revision of national history", which is the main responsibility of the history museum. It can be inferred that Li Deyu may have saved the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy with the re attached Pei in the Hall of Worthies Academy or the History Museum, which provides a possibility for Li Deyu's postscript to enter the official history of the Tang Dynasty, the Zizhi Tongjian and so on.

The Old Book of Tang, Tang Huiyao, Cefu Yuangui, New Book of Tang, Zizhi Tongjian and other documents have all recorded the "Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding". [19]The content recorded is similar to Li Deyu's postscript, and it is worth mentioning that the wording of Cefu Yuangui is almost the same as Li Deyu's postscript. The chief editor of Cefu Yuangui was revised to Wang Qinruo (962-1025), and Song Minqiu (1019-1076) recorded in the Record of Retirement from the Imperial Court in the Spring and Ming Dynasties that the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy Painting was once stored in his home. Therefore, the author believes that the "Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding" in Cefu Yuangui may be transcribed by Wang Qinruo from the postscript of the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy Painting in his home collection.

As for the reason why the legend of Emperor Taizong of Tang's Nine Trial Marriage Envoy came into being and spread in Tibet, it may be related to the deification and remolding of Gar Tongtsen Yulsung and his sons after the restoration of Gar Tongtsen Yulsung. Li Qinpu believed that the legend was a metaphor for Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's wisdom to compete with the Tang Dynasty. "The story of Gaer not only said that Gar Tongtsen Yulsung was smarter, but also implied that in the surrounding countries of the Tang Dynasty, only the intelligence of Tubo people could compete with the Tang Dynasty.". This perspective can also be seen in the description of the relationship between Tang and Tibet in ancient Tibetan literature such as the History of the Pillars, and the deification and shaping of Songtsen Gampo; In a letter to the Emperor Dongjun of the Han and Tang Dynasties, Songtsen Gampo said, "If you insist on not marrying my princess, my avatar army will conquer your land". The author also believes that only Gar Tongtsen Yulsung and his sons will shape Gar Tongtsen Yulsung as the leading role in history.

Faithful history, or legend: textual research on "Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding" recorded in Li Deyu's postscript in Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy

by       Qinzeng Li * 

  Nanjing Art Institute, Art Research Institute, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210013 

  * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

JACAC. 2023, 1(1), 39-50;

Received: May 24, 2023 | Accepted: June 24, 2023 | Published: June 30, 2023 

Question raising

The Painting of Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy is now in Palace Museum in Beijing. On the left side of the painting center are 14 lines of small seal inscriptions, which are said to be copied by Zhang Boyi. This postscript mainly contains the content of Emperor Taizong of Tang's giving Gar Tongtsen Yulsung praise for officials and marriage, Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding, and Taizong's insistence on giving marriage (hereinafter referred to as "Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding").[1] Fu Xuancong and Zhou Jianguo verified that the original of the postscript was written by Li Deyu from nine aspects, including the historical information contained in the postscript and the source of historical data.[2] This is currently the most authoritative textual research on the historical origin of this postscript in the academic community, with three main logical arguments: firstly, there is a year and day in the "Records of Emperor Taizong", and the postscript also has a year and day; Second, the postscript content is consistent with Zizhi Tongjian and Old Book of Tang. The author believes that the above two logical arguments are not reliable. One is that the postscript and the year, month, and day in the "Records of Emperor Taizong" are the same, which can only prove the authenticity of time or some historical facts, but cannot prove that all historical facts are true; Second, it is precisely because Li Deyu attaches great importance to the compilation of history and has a high level of historical literacy. If he constructs a history that is not true for other purposes, or he thinks it is true but is not true in fact, it seems possible and difficult to be identified; Third, because Li Deyu's postscript is in front, there is also the possibility that the postscript can become the historical source of Old Book of Tang.

According to the Xuanhe Huapu, the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy was once hidden in Xuanhe Imperial Mansion, [3] but no trace was found in the Palace Museum; The author once verified that the three character inscription of "Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy" on the book of the Forbidden City was roughly "between August of the third year of Yuanfeng (1080) and Meng Chun of Jiazi of Yuanfeng (1084)", and the Xuanhe version and the Forbidden City version were obviously two different versions.[4]

According to Yiwenzhi, the New Book of the Tang Dynasty, Yan Lide once painted a picture of Princess Princess Wencheng's Descending to Tibet. [5] It is speculated that the picture should be made by Yan Shi under the imperial edict. This picture has been lost. Although the specific content of the picture cannot be determined, it must be Princess Princess Wencheng's farewell to Taizong or the Queen, or "Li Daozong, the King of Jiangxia, sends the princess with integrity", or "Songtsen Gampo comes to welcome the princess" and other scenes. Analyzing the Tang Tibetan relationship around the 15th year of the Zhenguan reign (641) and the scenes of the Forbidden City, it is speculated that Yan Lide's perspective of expression may be more in line with the wishes of Emperor Taizong.

Shen Congwen also raised doubts about the authenticity of the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy, and made three guesses: some people suspected that the clothes of the characters were in line with the system of the early Tang Dynasty when it came into being or later than the Kaiyuan and Tianbao years. The Forbidden City was originally or partially pieced together from the handed down Yangdi Night Tour and the Gonggong Painting. Even if the original was from the Tang Dynasty, it must be later than Yan Liben, probably after the cancellation of the seven events of walking, Even after the Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods.[6]

There have been multiple marriages around the 15th year of the Zhenguan reign (641). In December of the 13th year of Zhenguan Period (639), Princess Honghua and her relatives Tuyuhun Murong Murong Nuohebo; In June of the 14th year of the Zhenguan reign (640), Xue Yanqian sent an envoy to propose marriage;[7] In June of the 17th year of the Zhenguan reign (643), Xue Yanqian sent another envoy to invite him to marry.[8] The official historical documents such as the Old Book of Tang either didn't mention the appointment of envoys in the above events or mentioned it in one stroke. Even Tuyuhun Murong Murong Nuohebo went to Chang'an to welcome the appointment in person, or Xue Yanxuan Wang sent his brother and son Tulishe to Chang'an to welcome the appointment, there was no record of the details of the appointment. It is very rare in official history writing to describe the event of Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's welcome to employment and take Gar Tongtsen Yulsung as the main character. In addition, "Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding" was inserted in a retrospective way after the "Gar Tongtsen Yulsung was appointed to all the state affairs" in the Emperor Gaozong of Tang period [[Later Jin Dynasty], Liu Xu, etc., and the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company checked: "Old Book of Tang • Volume 196 First • Biography 146 First • Tubo First", Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, first edition, pages 5222-5223.] [9]Tang Huiyao and other official historical documents, Tibetan Biography, are written in chronological style, which is obviously inconsistent with the law. This special narrative strategy suggests that this historical material may have been supplemented in later periods, rather than derived from the "Records of Emperor Taizong" or national history.

All the doubts above point to the authenticity of the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy and the authenticity of the content recorded in the postscript. This article advocates "going back to history", and puts "Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding" in the historical context at that time, and examines its authenticity from the perspective of historical logic.

Analysis of Postscript Content

Emperor Taizong of Tang granted officials

Li Deyu's postscript records that Emperor Taizong of Tang of the Tang Dynasty appointed Gar Tongtsen Yulsung as a great general of the Right Guard, and Gar Tongtsen Yulsung called himself "minister" or "companion minister". This article believes that this matter does not conform to historical logic, and the analysis is as follows:

Firstly, at that time, Tubo was not a Zhengzhou under the rule of the Tang Dynasty or a Jimi Prefecture, but a relatively independent ethnic separatist regime in the surrounding areas. In terms of the practice of dealing with the relationship between the Tang Dynasty and the separatist regime of ethnic minorities, Emperor Taizong of Tang could not first confer the position of minister of state without conferring his official rank of Zanpu. Doing so not only violates national etiquette, but also carries hidden risks. The Old Book of Tang records that Emperor Taizong of the Emperor Taizong of Tang ordered the Minister of Rites and Li Daozong,[10] the King of Jiangxia Prefecture, to escort Princess Princess Wencheng in Tubo and officiate at the wedding with a fujie, of which the fujie was the certificate of the envoy's visit between the Tang Dynasty and the surrounding national separatist regimes.[11] In the 18th year of the Kaiyuan era, there was an incident where a prominent Tubo official named Xizhe resigned from his position. MingxiLie entered the court for the matter of peace. [12] Emperor Xuanzong of Tang of the Tang Dynasty treated him with great courtesy, giving him purple robes, gold belts, fish bags and other things. However, MingxiLie refused to accept fish bags, arguing that Tubo had no fish bags, so he did not dare to accept them. In fact, Mingzhi Lie is well versed in the political symbolism implied by the fish bag, and accepting it means paying tribute to Tang; It is known that Hunting doesn't even accept the fish bag, nor will it submit to Emperor Xuanzong of Tang. The above conjecture can also be verified from Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's reaction to the reward and promise of the famous hunting firm words fish bag, as well as the subsequent relationship between the Tang Dynasty and Tubo. At that time, there was a widespread consensus on the "nephew uncle relationship" between Tubo and Tang, and the famous hunting naturally knew this principle. When Gar Tongtsen Yulsung came to welcome Princess Princess Wencheng, the relationship between the Tang Dynasty and Tibet was not clear, and Gar Tongtsen Yulsung, as Songtsen Gampo's great theory, naturally understood the above truth

Second, from the analysis of the situation that Tuyuhun was completely under the control of the Tang Dynasty and the battle of Tibetan attack on Songzhou was a great victory, Emperor Taizong of Tang did not have the need to bestow officials on Gar Tongtsen Yulsung. The Old Book of Tang called Songtsen Gampo "son in law". In the book, Songtsen Gampo called himself "servant concubine" and "slave". Compared with the title Murong Murong Nuohebo, King of Tuyuhun, granted by Emperor Taizong at that time,[13] "Heyuan Prefecture", the political status of Tubo in the eyes of Emperor Emperor Taizong of Tang was far lower than that of Tuyuhun, Turks and other neighboring ethnic separatist regimes. In fact, it was not until the early years of Emperor Gaozong of Tang of the Tang Dynasty that Songtsen Gampo was awarded the title of Fuma Duwei and Xihai Prefecture. Hu Kang believed that Songtsen Gampo's choice of marriage proposal was not necessarily to promote Buddhism or absorb the advanced culture of the Tang Dynasty. The real reason might be that he hoped to live in peace with the Tang Dynasty and use marriage to ensure border security.

Emperor Taizong of Tang Gives Marriage

Li Deyu's postscript records Emperor Taizong of Tang of the Tang Dynasty took the initiative to grant marriage to Gar Tongtsen Yulsung. This article believes that this matter does not conform to the implementation logic of the early Tang Dynasty's policy of reconciliation, and the analysis is as follows:

First, from the eighth year of Zhenguan (634) to the fifteenth year of Zhenguan (641), Songtsen Gampo had asked Taizong for a princess three times, which took eight years to succeed. It took nearly three years from Songzhou's victory (638 in the 12th year of Zhenguan's reign) to Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's coming to Chang'an to welcome the princess, and the process was extremely tortuous. Songtsen Gampo, as the leader, is still like this. It is hard to understand that Gar Tongtsen Yulsung, as the state minister, was so easily married.[14]

Second, after the Songzhou War, Songtsen Gampo withdrew his troops and sent envoys to apologize. Both the Tang and Tibetan sides have reached an agreement on the border issue. Emperor Taizong of Tang has achieved the goal of preventing Tibetan border intrusion by making peace with Songtsen Gampo. Is it necessary for Taizong to marry Gar Tongtsen Yulsung again? In addition, from the discussion between Emperor Taizong of Tang of the Tang Dynasty and Fang Xuanling and other courtiers about Xueyantuo's rebellion, we can see that Taizong is not a ruthless and cold-blooded person.

Third, on the premise that Zapp did not propose for Gar Tongtsen Yulsung, or Gar Tongtsen Yulsung himself did not propose, Taizong took the initiative to propose marriage, and described the reason for the marriage as answering questions. This article believes that this is not enough to be the reason for Taizong's marriage.

Gar Tongtsen Yulsungthe marriage

Li Deyu's postscript recorded Gar Tongtsen Yulsungfor marriage and Taizong's insistence on marriage. This article believes that this historical material may be untrue. The analysis is as follows:

First, based on Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's character, identity, and visit to the Tang Dynasty, it is unlikely to divorce. Gar Tongtsen Yulsung tried his best to assist Songtsen Gampo in applying for the princess all his life. Rejecting Emperor Taizong of Tang of the Tang Dynasty will inevitably affect the next appointment task; Moreover, Gar Tongtsen Yulsung Mingyi's serious, elegant, restrained and resourceful character also determined that he could not violate Taizong's will for his own reasons.[15]

Secondly, Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's statements of calling himself "minister", "accompanying minister", "slave" and "paying homage to" princess "in the postscript express a relatively obvious tendency of self abasement. "Ye", "Shuowen": "Ye, Bai also." "Zi Yuan" explains as the language used by young people to confess and report to elders. Facing Emperor Taizong of Tang of the Tang Dynasty, Gar Tongtsen Yulsung was so humble and humble. How could he violate his will?

With Li Deyu's talent and sagacity, it is impossible to find the fallacy and amazement of Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding, so why write it in the postscript?

Abstract

The series of events recorded in Li Deyu's postscript in the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy, such as Taizong's giving marriage to Gar Tongtsen Yulsung, giving officials to Gar Tongtsen Yulsung, and the marriage of Gar Tongtsen Yulsung, were all reconstructed by Li Deyu. Its historical source is not the Real Record of Taizong that Fu Xuancong and Zhou Jianguo believed, but may come from the popular legend of Gar Tongtsen Yulsung when he served as the Jiedushi in Xichuan, Jiannan. The reason for the popularity of this legend is related to Gar Tongtsen Yulsung and his sons' deification and remolding activities. The postscript may be contained in Li Deyu's "Records of the Southwest Beibian", thus entering into the "Tibetan Biography" writing of official historical documents such as "Old Book of Tang", "Tang Huiyao", "New Tang Shu", "Zizhi Tongjian".

Author Contributions

The author has written the article alone without committing plagiarism.

Funding

Not applicable.

Conflicts of Interest

The author has no conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, or publication of this article.

References

1.  Fu Xuancong, Zhou Jianguo Textual Research on Li Deyu's Preface and Postscript to the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy [J]. Literature, 2004 (4): 60-69

2.  [Song], unknown, Wang Qunli pointed out: Xuanhe Huapu, Volume I, Daoshiyi, Tang Dynasty, Yan Liben, Hangzhou: Zhejiang People's Fine Arts Publishing House, December 2019, first edition, page 14.

3.  Li Qinzeng. Reconstructing the Temporal and Spatial Logic: Textual Research on the Ancestor and Cell of the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy [J]. Art Exploration, 2023 (03): 13

4.  Written by Ouyang Xiu (Song Dynasty) and Song Qi (Song Dynasty), checked by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: New Book of the Tang Dynasty, Volume 59, Records 49, Art and Literature 3, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, February 1975, first edition, page 1560.

5.  Shen Congwen. Research on Ancient Chinese Costume [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House, 2017:276

6.  [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu, et al., edited by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang Book, Volume III, Third Chronicle, Under Emperor Taizong, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, first edition, page 51.

7.  [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu, et al., checked by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang Book, Volume III, Third Chronicle, Under Emperor Taizong, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, first edition, page 55.

8.  [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu, et al., checked by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang Book, Volume 196, Liechuan 146, Tubo, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, 1st edition, pages 5222-5223.

9.  [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu, et al., checked by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang Book, Volume 196, Liechuan 146, Tubo, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, 1st edition, page 5221.

10.  [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu, et al., checked by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang Book, Volume 196, Liechuan 146, Tubo, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, 1st edition, page 5231.

11.  Emperor Xuanzong of Tang of the Tang Dynasty ordered Cui Lin, the imperial doctor, to act as an envoy, erect a boundary stone at Chiling, and agreed not to invade each other. See [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu et al., edited by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang, Volume 196, Biography 146, Tubo, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, 1st edition, page 5231.

12.  With the rise of Tubo power, the relationship between Tang and Tubo has been unstable, and the niece uncle relationship is a result of mutual recognition. However, in the early years of Emperor Gaozong, Songtsen Gampo did accept the title of "Fuma Duwei, Xihai King" of the Tang Dynasty, and then gradually changed into a nephew uncle relationship. See [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu et al., edited by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang, Volume 196, Biography 146, Tubo, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, 1st edition, page 5222.

13.  [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu, et al., checked by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang Book, Volume 196, Liechuan 146, Tubo, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, 1st edition, page 5221.

14.  [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu, et al., checked by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang Book, Volume 196, Liechuan 146, Tubo, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, 1st edition, page 5222.

15.  See [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu et al., edited by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang, Volume 196, Biography 146, Tubo, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, 1st edition, page 5222.

16.  Hu Kang. A New Discussion on the Battle of Tibetan attack on Songzhou between Tang and Fan -- From the Epitaph of Tuoba Tuobu [J]. Tibetan Studies, 2022 (03): 54

17.  According to Taizong, there are only two strategies to solve the problem of Xueyantuo's invasion of the border: one is to "move 100000 people, attack and capture them, eliminate the evil and ugliness, and nothing will happen in a hundred years"; The first strategy is "If I were to invite him and have sex with him, I would be the parents of the mortal world. If I could profit from him, I wouldn't waste a daughter!" (written by Wu Jing of the Tang Dynasty, compiled by Xie Baocheng, and edited by Zhenguan Political Leaders. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2021:538)

18.  [Later Jin Dynasty] Liu Xu, et al., checked by the editorial department of Zhonghua Book Company: Old Book of Tang Book, Volume 196, Liechuan 146, Tubo, Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, May 1975, 1st edition, page 5222.

19.  Tang Kejing's translation note. Shuowen Jiezi [M]. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 2018.6:470

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Table of Contents

• Abstract
• Question raising
• Analysis of Postscript Content
• The Path to the Official History of "Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding"
• Conclusion
• Author Contributions
• Funding
• Conflicts of Interest
• References

Conclusion

It can be seen that Li Deyu recorded in the postscript of the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy that Emperor Taizong granted Gar Tongtsen Yulsung marriage, officials, and Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's marriage speech are not historical facts. Among the above events, the historical source of "Jiaxu in the first month of the spring of the 15th year of Zhenguan" should be the True Record of Emperor Taizong or the national history. The historical source of other contents has nothing to do with the True Record of Emperor Taizong, but comes from the "Legend of Emperor Taizong of Tang's Nine Trial Marriage Envoys" spread in the Tibetan region when Li Deyu was serving as a Jiedushi in Xichuan, Jiannan, which was later compiled into the Southwest Bian Record, and the Southwest Bian Record became the two Tang books One of the historical sources of the "Tubo Biography" in Tang Huiyao and Zizhi Tongjian. In Cefu Yuangui, Gar Tongtsen Yulsung's cancellation of the wedding was extracted by Wang Qinruo from Li Deyu's postscript on the volume of Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy collected by his family. The popularity of "the legend of Emperor Taizong of Tang's nine trial marriage envoys" in Tibet is related to Gar Tongtsen Yulsung and his sons' deification and remolding of Gar Tongtsen Yulsung when they were in the country, while this postscript written by Li Deyu is related to "Xihengmou's internal attachment". Through the postscript, he tries to express his intention to his colleagues and Wenzong to show his grievances and reward his loyal souls.